Zusammenfassung
Kinder seelisch kranker Eltern haben eine erhöhte Rate an psychopathologischen Symptomen
und zeigen verminderte Anpassungsfähigkeit. Dennoch gibt es wenige Studien, die die
Erfahrungen dieser Kinder und ihre Ansichten bezüglich ihrer bisherigen Kontakte zu
psychiatrischen Diensten untersuchen. Diese Studie ist den Erfahrungen einer Gruppe
von Kindern ehemaliger stationärer Psychiatriepatienten nachgegangen, indem man ihnen
einen Fragebogen zugeschickt hat. 36 Personen haben geantwortet. Ihre Antworten hat
man mithilfe der Inhaltsanalyse qualitativ untersucht. Die Teilnehmer berichteten
von negativen Erfahrungen sowie mangelhafter Information und Unterstützung seitens
der psychiatrischen Dienste. Sie hätten sich mehr Erklärungen und Unterstützung für
sich selbst gewünscht. Um die Bedeutung der Ergebnisse festzustellen, hat man quantitative
Daten verwendet.
Literatur
- 1 Achenbach T. Manual for the Child Behavior Checklist/4-18 and 1991 Profile. Department
of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington. VT 1991
- 2
Achenbach T M, Ruffle T M.
The Child Behavior Checklist and related forms for assessing behavioral/emotional
problems and competencies.
Pediatrics in Review.
2000;
21
265-271
- 3
Aldridge J.
The experiences of children living with and caring for parents with mental illness.
Child Abuse Review.
2006;
15
79-88
- 4 APA. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, DSM-IV. American
Psychiatric Association, Washington DC 1994
- 5
Beardslee W R, Keller M B, Lavori P W. et al. .
The impact of parental affective disorder on depression in offspring: a longitudinal
follow-up in a nonreferred sample.
Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.
1993;
32
723-730
- 6
Beardslee W R, Versage E M, Gladstone T R. et al. .
Children of affectively ill parents: a review of the past 10 years.
Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.
1998;
37
1134-1141
- 7
Beardslee W R, Gladstone T R, Wright E J. et al. .
A family-based approach to the prevention of depressive Symptoms in children at risk:
evidence of parental and child change.
Pediatrics.
2003;
112
119-131
- 8
Bland R C, Newman S C, Orn H. et al. .
Help-seeking for psychiatric disorders.
Canadian Journal of Psychiatry.
1997;
42
935-942
- 9
Caspi A, Sugden K, Moffitt T E. et al. .
Influence of life stress on depression: moderation by a polymorphism in the 5-HTT
gene.
Science.
2003;
301
386-389
- 10
Cowling V R, McGorry P D, Hay D A. et al. .
Children of parents with psychotic disorders.
Medical Journal of Australia.
1995;
163
119-120
- 11
Dunn B.
Growing up with a psychotic mother: a retrospective study.
American Journal of Orthopsychiatry.
1993;
63
177-189
- 12
Fudge E, Mason P.
Consulting with young people about service guidelines relating to parental mental
illness.
Australian E-Journal for the Advancement of Mental Health.
2004;
3
1-9
- 13
Garley D, Gallop R, Johnstone N. et. al .
Children of the mentally ill: a qualitative focus group approach.
Journal of Psychiatrie Nursing and Mental Health Services.
1997;
4
97-103
- 14
Graneheim U H, Lundman B.
Qualitative content analysis in nursing research: concepts, procedures and measures
to achieve trustworthiness.
Nurse Education Today.
2004;
24
105-112
- 15
Handley C, Farrell G A, Josephs A. et al. .
The Tasmanian children’s project: the needs of children with a parent/carer with a
mental illness.
Australian and New Zealand Journal of Mental Health Nursing.
2001;
10
221-228
- 16
Hook B, Hagglof B, Thernlund G. et al. .
Life events and behavioural deviances in childhood: a longitudinal study of a normal
population.
European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.
1995;
4
153-164
- 17
Jorgensen A, Teasdale T W, Parnas J,
. et al. .
The Copenhagen high-risk project. The diagnosis of maternal schizophrenia and its
relation to offspring diagnosis.
British Journal of Psychiatry.
1987;
151
753-757
- 18
Keller M B, Beardslee W R, Dorer D J. et al. .
Impact of severity and chronicity of parental affective illness on adaptive functioning
and psychopathology in children.
Archives of General Psychiatry.
1986;
43
930-937
- 19
Knorring A von L, Andersson O, Magnusson D. et al. .
Psychiatric care and course of psychiatric disorders from childhood to early adulthood
in a representative sample.
Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry.
1987;
28
329-341
- 20
Kondracki N L, Wellman N S, Amundson D R. et al. .
Content analysis: review of methods and their applications in nutrition education.
Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior.
2002;
34
224-230
- 21
Larsson B, Frisk M.
Social competence and emotional/ behaviour problems in 6-16-year-old Swedish school
children.
European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.
1999;
8
24-33
- 22
Larsson B, Knutsson-Medin L, Sundelin C. et al. .
Social competence and emotional/behaviour problems in children of psychiatric inpatients.
European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.
2009;
9
122-128
- 23
Mordoch E, Hall W A.
Children living with a parent who has a mental illness: a critical analysis of the
literature and research implications.
Archives of Psychiatric Nursing.
2002;
16
208-216
- 24
Ostman M, Wallsten T, Kjellin L. et al. .
Family burden and relatives‘ participation in psychiatric care: are the patient‘s
diagnosis and the relation to the patient of importance?.
International Journal of Social Psychiatry.
2005;
51
291-301
- 25
Polkki P, Ervast S A, Huppoonen M. et al. .
Coping and resilience of children of a mentally ill parent.
Society of Work Health Care.
2004;
39
151-163
- 26
Rutter M.
Resilience in the face of adversity. Protective factors and resistance to psychiatric
disorder.
British Journal of Psychiatry.
1985;
147
598-611
- 27
Rutter M, Quinton D. Parental psychiatric disorder: effects on children. Psychological
Medicine, 1984; 14; 853–880.
- 28
Rutter M.
Dunn J, Plomin R. et al. .
Integrating nature and nurture: implications of person-environment correlations and
interactions for developmental psychopathology.
Development and Psychopathology.
1997;
9
335-364
- 29
Sandelowski M.
Real qualitative researchers do not count: the use of numbers in qualitative research.
Research in Nursing and Health.
2001;
24
230-240
- 30
Schissel B.
Coping with adversity: testing the origins of resiliency in mental health.
International Journal of Social Psychiatry.
1993;
39
34-46
- 31
Shapiro S, Skinner E A, Kessler L G. et al. .
Utilization of health and mental health Services. Three Epidemiologic Catchment Area
sites.
Archives of General Psychiatry.
1984;
41
971-978
- 32
Turner R J, Lloyd D A.
Stress burden and the lifetime incidence of psychiatric disorder in young adults:
racial and ethnic contrasts.
Archives of General Psychiatry.
2004;
61
481-488
- 33 Weber R P. Basic Content Analysis. SAGE Publications Inc., Newbury Park 1991
- 34
Webster J.
Split in two: experiences of the children of schizophrenic mothers.
British Association of Social Work.
1992;
22
309-329
Der Artikel ist erschienen im „Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing“
2007, 14. Jg., S.744–752. Der Abdruck erfolgt mit freundlicher Genehmigung des Verlages
Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Übersetzung aus dem Englischen: Uwe Gerritz
M Ramklint
Department of Neuroscience
Psychiatry
University Hospital
SE-751 85 Uppsala
Email: mia.ramklint@bupinst.uu.se